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理工类职称英语词汇学习法
Michelle,2007-09-12 22:39:19
重难点词组
1)动词词组根据其后的搭配又可分为①动+名;②动+介;③动+副;
2)后接动名词的固定搭配、形容词词组、易混词组
动词+名词形式
have/gain access to可以获得
gain/have an advantage over胜过,优于
take advantage 0f利用,趁…之机
d0/try oneg best尽力,努力
make the besl 0f充分利用,妥善处理
catch oneg breath屏息,歇口气
take care 0f照顾,照料
take charge of担任,负责
take a delight in以…为乐
take…into account考虑
pay the way for为...铺平道路
pay attention t0注意
get the best of 胜过
get the.better 0f打败,致胜
take care小心.当心
take a chance冒险一试
keep company with与…交往
make a/the difference有影响,很重要
put into effect实行,生效
take effect生效,起作用
keep an eye on留意,照看
find fault埋怨,挑剔
come/g0 into force生效,实施
be friends with对…友好,与…交上朋友
keep oneg head保持镇静
carry/bring into effect使生效,使起作用
come/go into effect生效,实施
catch one eye引人注目
make a face做鬼脸
catch fire着火
make friends交朋友,友好相处
make fun 0f取笑,嘲弄
lose heart丧失勇气,失去信心
get hold 0f抓住,掌握
throw/cast light on使明白,阐明
have…in mind记住,考虑到,想到
come/g0 into operation使投入生产,使运转
keep/hold pace with跟上,与...同步
take place发生,进行
come t0 the point说到要点,扼要地说
get/learn by heart记住,背诵
keep house管理家务,做家务
bear/keep in mind记住
make up oneg mind下决心
put…in order整理,检修
play a part in起作用
take the place of代替
bring/carry into practice实施,实行
make progress进步,进展
make sense讲得通,有意义
keep in touch保持联系
lose touch失去联系
put…to use使用,利用
lead the way带路,引路
make way让路,开路
give rise to引起,使发生
catch the sight 0f发现,突然看见
take oneg time不急不忙,从容进行
keep track通晓事态,注意动向
make use 0f利用
give way让路,让步
make oneg way前进,进行
keep oneg word遵守诺言
attempt at企图,努力
interference in干涉
appeal to呼吁,要求
attitude to/towards态度,看法
influence 0n影响
interference with妨碍,打扰
introduction t0介绍
lots 0f大量,很多
a matter 0f(关于...)的问题
reply t0回答,答复
a 10t(0f)许多(的),大量(的)
fall in love with相爱,爱上
a number 0f若干,许多
a series of一系列,一连串
其他固定搭配
Michelle,2007-09-12 22:39:54
credit card信用卡
next door隔壁
face to face面对面地
a few有些,几个
a little一点,稍微,一些,少许
quite a little相当多,不少
the moment(that)一……就
I.D.card身份证
no doubt无疑,必定
out of doors在户外
as a matter of fact实际情况,真相
quite a few还不少,有相当数目的
little by little逐渐地
no matter无论
no more不再
fair play公平竞赛;公平对待
rest room厕所,盥洗室
side by side肩并肩,一个挨一个
step by step逐步
all the time一直,始终
once in a while偶尔,有时
word for word逐字地
in demand有需要,销路好
primary school小学
heart and soul全心全意
ahead 0ftime提前
once upon a time从前
no wonder难怪,怪不得
decline with thanks婉言谢绝
动词+介词形式
account for说明(原因等)
allow for考虑到
arrive at达成,得出
ask for请求,要求
begin with从开始
break off断绝,结束
break up中止,结束;打碎,折断
aim at瞄准,针对
appeal to呼吁,要求
ask after询问,问候
attach to附属于,隶属于
break into闯入
break through突破
bring about带来,造成
bring down打倒,挫伤;降低
bringforth产生,提出
bringforward提出
bring up教育,培养,使成长
call for邀请;要求,需求
call off放弃,取消
call on/upon访问,拜访;号召,呼吁
care for照管,关心;喜欢,意欲
early on继续下去;从事,经营
come to总计,达到;苏醒,复原
count up把…相加
bring out使出现;公布;出版
build up积累;堵塞;树立,逐步建立;增进;锻炼
call forth唤起,引起;振作起,鼓起
catch at抓住(东西)
其他固定搭配
Michelle,2007-09-12 22:40:16
add up to合计,总计
break away(from)脱离,逃跑
come true实现,达到
come up with提出,提供
do away with废除,去掉’
have nothing to do with和…毫无关系
make believe假装
catch up with追上,赶上
come up to达到,符合
concern with关心,挂念;从事于
have something to do with和…有点关系
fall back on求助于,转而依靠
fall in with符合,与…一致
as follows如下
get through到达,完成,及格
be fed up with感到厌烦
get along/0n with有进展,有进步
get somewhere有些;结果
get down to开始,着手
get the better 0f占上风,胜过
give onese~away泄露,露马脚
give way to给…让路,对…让步,被…代替
go back on违背
go before居前
have to/have got t0不得不,必须
help oneself自取所需(食物)
keep out of躲开,置身…之外
get out of逃避,改掉
have get有
give oneself up自首,投降,投案
go along with陪同前往,随行
g0 in for从事,致力于,追求
hang on to紧握住,坚持下去
have t0 do with与…有关
hold on t0紧紧抓住,坚持
keep up with向...看齐,跟上…
let alone不干涉;更不用说
let go放开,松手
look down 0n看不起,轻视
be made up of由…构成,由…组成
never mind不要紧,没关系
put up with容忍,忍受
run out of用完,用尽,耗尽
lend itself to适用于,对…有用
let loose放开,放松,释放
live up to做到,不负
look up to尊敬,敬仰
make up for补偿,弥补
put in for申请
refer t0...as把…称作,把...当做
serve right活该,给应得的待遇
set in来临,流行
stand up for为...辩护;维护
come to stay木已成舟
take…as把…作为
think better 0f改变主意,重新考虑
throw down推倒
set out to打算,着手
stand up t0面对,坚决抵抗;经得起
stay by守在一边
think 0f…as把…看做是,以为…是
throw about乱丢(东西),乱花(钱)
throw(a)light on照亮,阐明
形容词的固定搭配
Michelle,2007-09-12 22:40:44
be able to(do)能(做),会(做)
be absent from缺勤,缺课
be accustomed to习惯于
be active in积极于
be alive to发觉,感觉,对…敏感
be angry with对...发怒
be anxious for急切盼望,渴望
be ashamed 0f为…感到害臊
be about to(do)即将,正要
be abundant in富于,富有
be acquainted with与…相识,熟悉
be afraid of恐怕,害怕,担忧
be angry at因某事生气
be anxious about担心,为…担忧
be anxious t0(do)渴望(做)
be aware of意识到
be bad at拙于,不善于
be based 0n根据,以…为基础
be beside oneself忘乎所以
be badly off生活穷困
be bent on热恋于,一心想
be better 0ff处境较好,情况好转
be born in出生于...
be bound to(do)一定会,不得不
be burned out住所被烧光
be busy with忙于…
be careful 0f爱惜,注意
be born 0f出生于…(家庭)
be buried in沉思,陷入,专心于
be busy(doing)忙着(做某事)
be busy about忙于...
be careful t0(do)务必注意(做)
be certain to(do)一定(做),必然(做)
be confident in对…有信心
be clever at擅长于
be composed of由…组成
be connected with与…有关
be covered with被…覆盖
be curious t0(do)很想(做)
be derived from由…得到
be capable of能够
be characterized by以…为特征
be combined with与…结合
be concerned about关心,挂念
be coupled with与...配合
be crowded with挤满,拥塞
be dependent on/upon取决于,依赖
be determined to(do)决心(做)
be different from与…不同
be divided into被分成
be eager to(do)急于要(做)
be equal to等于
be fed up厌烦
be m for适合,胜任
be free from没有...的,不受…影响的
be frightened at受...惊吓
be divided by被…除
be eager for渴望
be engaged in忙于,从事于
be famous for以…著名
be filled with充满
be fond of喜欢,爱好
be friendly to对…友好
be glad to(do)乐于(做),对…感到高兴
be good at(doing)善于,擅长
be grateful to感谢,感激
其他重要的固定搭配
Michelle,2007-09-12 22:41:49
above all首先,毕竟
at a11完全,根本
all over遍及,到处
not at all一点也不
leave alone听其自然,更不用说
one after another一个接一个
anything but除…以外任何事(物),根本不
as for至于,就…方面说
after all终于,毕竟;虽然这样
all but几乎,差一点
in all总共,总计
aU out全力以赴,竭尽全力
alongwith与…一起
one another互相
as...as像…一样
as if好像,仿佛
as though好像,仿佛
as well也,又
not as/so...as不如…那样
back of在…后部,在...背部
had better最好还是,应该
but for除...以外,倘没有,除非
either...or或…或,不是…就是;无论...还是
even if/though即使,虽然
as to至于,关于
as well as(除...之外)也,既...又
back and forth往返,来来往往地
because 0f由于,因为
both…and既…又…,两个都
each other互相
or else否则,要不然
even then即使那样
except for除…之外
by far...得多,最
so far迄今为止
if only要是…就
in itself本身
at least至少,最低程度
a little一点;一些,少许
quite a little相当多,不少
as/so far as远至,到...程度
far from远非,远离
first of aⅡ首先,第一
by itself独自,单独
at last最终,终于
no less than决不少于,不亚(次)于
little by little逐渐地
as/so long as只要,如果
no longer不再,已不
many a许多的
more 0r less或多或少
no more than不过,仅仅;和...一样
make the most of充分利用
every now and then有时,时时,偶尔
now and then时而,不时
0ff and on断断续续,不时地
a great/good many 0f许多,大量
nlore and mole越来越
no more不再
at(the)most最多,至少,不超过
neither…nor既不…也不
just now刚才,一会儿以前
now that既然,由于
and so on等等
all at once突然;同时,一起
once(and)for all一劳永逸,限此一次
by oneself独自地,单独地
other than不同于
all right好,行
ever since从那时起,自那时以来
ever so非常,极其
so…as to结果是;如此...以至于
要求掌握的基本短语结构
Michelle,2007-09-12 22:42:03
hear 0f听到,听说
put into effect生效
get out of control失控
come to a conclusion得出结论
decline invitation辞谢邀请
put into use使用,应用
put into practice落实
be satisfied with满足
hardly…when刚…就…
avoid doing sth.避免干某事
come about发生,出现
in support 0f支持
bring about发生,引起
be different from与…不同
out of the question绝不可能
in time及时
indifferent to不在乎
above all最重要的
prepare for准备
first of a11首先
get to开始;到达
at the moment此刻
be on sale 出售
carry through完成
be in demand需要
the key to…的答案(线索、办法)
cure sb.of治好某人…
aIl the way从远道,从头至尾
glance at瞥见,一瞥
take interest in对…发生兴趣
be on good terms with sb.与某人友好
take charge 0f负责
take a chance冒一下险
clean up打扫;清除
hundreds of数以百计的
in proportion to按...的比例
be beneficial to对…有益
put out扑灭
entrust sb.with sth.委托某人某事
break into tears(cheers)突然哭(欢呼)起来
in no way决不
make an attempt试图
come uD with提出
call on号召
on the way在途中
keep on with坚持
make up for弥补
break away from从...脱离
give rise to导致
be subiected to遭受
not on any account决不
a multitude of大量(接复数名词)
run into陷入
be involved in卷入,陷入
超纲的其它固定搭配
Michelle,2007-09-12 22:57:25
be satisfied of相信
may(might)as well还是…好
rule out排斥
agree on/upon取得一致意见
argue about争论
take(make)a stand for捍卫
take(make)a stand against反对
come after跟随
lie up躺着休息
without question毫无疑问
beside the question离题
bring t0 mind使人想起
compile dictionary编字典
ask for要价
refresh one§memory使人记起
present sb.with sth.送给某人某礼物
against oneg will违心地
in one's will在…遗嘱中
with ease容易,不费力
fall off下降
televise live实况转播
g0 on strike罢工
at will随意
0f one's free will出于自愿
at ease不拘束
fall away背离
for the moment暂时,目前
have intention 0f有意,打算
have not the least idea of不知道
have desire t0 do sth.想做某事
be particular about讲究
pass through通过,经过
bv the moment到…时
n0 intention of无意,不打算
have no desire for对…没有欲望
have sth.in stock有现货
carry about随身携带
pass by从…旁边经过
pass over不注意,忽视
get out使…出去
be of little value没什么价值
pull back撤退
pull along沿…拉
die off死去,凋谢
something 0f在某种程度(意义)上
pass for被认为(当做)
now that既然,由于
at oneg wits end不知所措
pull round掉头,转向;康复
die away(渐渐)消失
drop down落下
do sth.for a living靠做某事谋生
make a name 0f oneseff出名,扬名
put sb.throu曲为某人接通电话
beyond oneg power超出某人的能力
ahead 0f schedule提前
turn away转变方向;拒绝
be answerable for应对...负责
glimpse of瞥见,一瞥
entitle sb.(t0 do)sth.给予某人(干)某事的权利
part with放弃,离开
turn back翻过来
lay up搁置;贮存
be lacking in缺乏
in correspondence with与….联系(通信)
be it that即使
in connection with与…相连
be advantageous t0对...有利
in debt to sb.欠某人的债
assure sb.0f sth.使某人对某事放心
dwell on细想,详解
put(set)right使恢复正常,纠正错误
0ffthe way远离正道
escape doing sth.躲避干某事
within the limit of在…范围内
g0 dim(大脑)混沌
in the mood for sth.对某事有心境’
set a limit to限制
call at访问
g0 blank(头脑)变成空白
g0 faint晕过去
Michelle,2007-09-12 22:57:43
1.just,tair
just合乎情理的
fair事情公平的
2.frank,honest,sincere
frank坦城的
honest诚实的
sincere真诚的
3.admire,respect
admire羡慕
respect尊敬
4.alter。change,transform
alter(局部)发生变化
change(整体)发生变化
transform(物质本质/性质)发生变化
5.cure.heal
cure治愈疾病
heal治愈伤口
6.damage,destroy
damage(部分)破坏/损坏
destroy(彻底地)毁坏
7.decrease,deduce
decrease在数量和程度上减少
deduce在尺寸或速度上减少
8.assure,ensure,insure
assure使(人)相信,放心,保证
ensure确保,保证
insure保险
9.1ater.1ately,latter
later稍后,以后
lately近来,最近
latter(多指两者中的)后者
10.adjacent和adjloining
这些词都有next to“紧挨”的意思。
adiacent"毗邻的,邻近的”,但它们可能并不相互直接接触。
adioining和conti’guous指相互接触,通常之间有一个edge或boundary。
11.advise和advice
advise"劝告”(动词);advice"劝告”(名词)。
12affect和effect
affect"影响”vt.,它的第二个意思是“假装”,Though she attectes indifference,I Knew She was really very upset
effect n.“结果”,“效力”。vt.“产生”,“导致”,它比“to cause,t0 bring out'’更为正式。His aim was to effect a radical change in the party structure.
13.all ready和already
all ready意思是"COBpletely prepared'’
already'‘已经”。He had already had his hmeh.
14.altogether和all together
altogether(in total)“总共”,
all together意思是“in a group'’。如:We put the sheep all together in one field.这两个词还可以分开。We put all the sheep together in one field.
15.besides和beside
besides意思是“in addition to”“加之,还有,另外”;而beside“在……旁边”,“在……一侧”。Duncan is the tall man standing beside my father.站在我爸爸旁边的高个子男子是邓肯。
Michelle,2007-09-12 22:58:06
(1)不定式作宾语和宾语补足语。
A.下面的动词要求不定式做宾语
afford负担得起
aim针对
agree同意
appear似乎,显得
arrange安排
ask问
attempt企图
bear随
begin开始
beg请求
bother扰乱,烦恼
eare关心,喜欢
cease停止
choose选择
claim要求
contrive设法,图谋
consent同意,赞同
decide决定
decline推却
demand要求
design设计,预定
desire愿望
determine决定
destine洽谈室
dread害怕
enable能够
endeavour努力
expect期望
fail不能
forget忘记
happen碰巧
hate憎恨,厌恶
hesitate犹豫
hope希望
incline有......倾向
intend想要
learn,like,loathe不喜欢,讨厌
long渴望
plan计划
love爱
manage设法(做成了某事)
mean意欲,打算
need需要
neglect忽视
offer提供
omit忽略,漏
prefer喜欢,宁愿
prepare准备
pretend假装
profess表明
promise承诺,允许
propose提议
refuse拒绝
regret抱歉,遗憾
scorn忽视
seek找,寻觅
start开始
swear宣誓
try试图
undertake承接
volunteer志愿
VOW发誓
want想要
wish希望
(2)有少数动词只能用动名词作宾语,例:
Michelle,2007-09-12 22:58:27
acknowledge承认,自认
admit承认
advocate提倡,主张
appreciate感激,欣赏
avoid避免
cant help不禁
cant stand受不了
consider考虑
cease停止
commence开始
complete完成
confess坦白
contemplate细想
defer拖延
delay延迟
deny否认
detest嫌恶
dislike不喜欢
discourage使沮丧
dread可怕
endure忍受
enjt,y享有,喜爱
envy嫉妒
escape逃跑,逃避
excuse借口
fancy幻想,爱好
hate讨从
keep保持
loathe不喜欢,讨厌
mention提到.说到
mind介意,留意
miSS错过
pardon原谅,饶怒
permit允许
postpone延迟;延期
practice实践
prevent阻止
resume恢复
risk冒险
suggest建议
save营救,储蓄
stand坚持忍受
tolerate宽容,忍受
understand明白,理解
典型例句:
I appreciate having been given the opportunity to study abroad two years ago.
我很感激两年前给我出国学习的机会。,
(3)动名词作介词的宾语。
几乎所有介词都可用动名词作宾语。主要有以下搭配关系:
A:动+介+动名词(we insist 0n your leaving…)
B:名词(形容,不及物动词)+介词to(不要把它视为动词不定式的标志)。
下面大纲中所列短语中的"tof’为介词:
(be)contrary t0与……相反
(be)opposed to反对
be used t0习惯于
resort to诉诸于
be accustomed to习惯于
be committed to委身于
with regard t0关于
contribute to贡献等
with a view to为……起见
in contrast t0与……成对比(照)
be exposed t0/be dedicated to致力=
as t0关于
be devoted to献身于
react to对……反应
look forward to期待
C:动+副+介+动名词
Look forward to her coming soon.
D:形容词(或具有形容词性质的一ed分词)+介词+ing(详见形容词词组)
下面就特殊形式的虚拟语气的考点分列如下:
Michelle,2007-09-12 22:58:46
“should(可省略)+动词原形”用于如下结构中的that从句中:
A.用于表示意原、建议、命令、提议,请求等动词后的that宾语从句中,这类动词有:
ask要求
beg请求
demand要求
insist坚持
move建议,动员
advise建议
command命令
desire渴望
intend打算
propose提议
arrange安排
decide决定
determine决定
maintain坚持,主张
objeet反对
order命令prefer建议require需要
request要求resolve下决心recommend推荐
suggest建议stipulate约定规定urge强调,促进
vote公认,提议decree颁布(法令)prey请求
B.用于it is+形容词或过去分词+主语从句中,这类形容词或分词有:
advisable明智的,合理的decided决定的crucial关键的
appropriate恰当的determined决定的commanded命令的
arranged安排的essential紧要的,基本的complied遵照
anxious焦急的imperative迫切的important重要的
desirable合意的better较好的,更好insistent坚持的
desired想要的asked请求keen渴望的
incredible难以置信的adamant坚定不移的natural自然的
insisted坚持的necessary必要的suggested建议
urgent紧迫的ordered命令shocked震惊的
vital极其重要的possible可能的strange奇怪的
preferable好一点proposed提议proposed提议
requested要求的required要求的recommended推荐
resolved决定的probable可能的pity可惜,憾事
shame遗憾
C·表示建议、要求,命令,请求等含义的名词引导表语从句和同位语从句;常考的有:
advice忠告decision,demand,desire,insistence,motion提议
necessity必要性order命令
preference偏爱,选择proposal,pray恳求
recommendation推荐request要求
requirement要求resolution决心
suggestion劝告,忠告
典型例句:
1.He ordered that parking be prohibited on Main street during the rush hour
2.It is appropriate that some time be devoted to thorough study of the results of the Aoollo mission.
如何背单词:
Michelle,2007-09-12 22:59:05
同学们都比较关心背单词这个环节,因为到后来阅读的题目还是做不好,归根到底,是由于单词没有背好。在背单词的时候,大家可以把握以下这些方法:
1.少量多次:正常情况是一天背30-50个单词左右,这比较符合认知习惯,不可贪多。据心理学家分析,一个单词只有在你的大脑里停留7-12次才能被记住。所以背单词,不要希望背一次,就都记住了,你只要保证当时背的时候能记住就行。只有充分利用各种可能的时间多过几遍,才能真正地记住。
2.要经常复习:在开始背新的单词前应该先复习以前背过的单词,特别是那些你作过标记且义没有背熟的单词。如果在阅读或做题时遇到了曾经背过的单词,却忘了什么意思;一些比较接近的词汇经常在头脑中纠缠不清;背新单词的时候联想到了以前的词汇,一时想不起来,你应该立刻参考大纲词汇进行总结复习,并把它们整理到你的词汇笔记本上
wooden木制的woolen毛织的little小的
daily每日的weekly每周的monthly每月的
yeady每年的former前任的live活的
5.不用比较级和最高级的形容词:
1)表示独一无二的形容词:only,mere,sole,unique,matchless
2)表示形状的形容词:round,square,circular,triangular,level
3)表示性质和特征的形容词:atomic,economic,scientific,golden,silvery,woolen,silent,full,
empty,sure,dead,deaf,blind,lame,rainy
4)表示状态作表语的有:afraid,asleep,alive,ashamed,alone,aware,alike
5)表示时间、空间和方位的形容词:daily,weekly,monthly,annual,present,front,back,forward,
backward,east,west,south,north,left,right,final
6)表示极限、主次、等级的形容词:maximum,minimum,utmost,main,major,chief,minor,superi—
or,inferior,senior,junior,super,favorite
7)含有绝对概念的形容词:absolute,entire,whole,total,perfect,excellent,thorough,complete,uRer,extreme
8)含有比较概念的形容词:comparative,relative
副词
1.修饰功能,
2.副词的位置
A短语之中depend largely on,different fundamentally from
stem largely from,result partially from
B副+限+形+名adv.+限定词+n
almost all,not a woman
approximately 272,nearly a hundred 23 boys
C并列连词之后,从属连词之前
and thus,and thereby,and therefore;
and then,and even,and also;and not,and yet;or even
long before,simply because,ever since,only if,even though
3.用于修饰比较级
rather,much,even,far,vastly,fairly,a lot,considerably
a bit,a little,a little/bit,slightly,somewhat
4.greatly只修饰动词及分词,much不修饰形容词原形
great/greater great/greatly
5.副词的最高级可不加定冠词
flies live longest in the cool temperature.
6.so与such的用法
so主要用作副词,代词;such主要用作形容词和代词。这两个词都可以与that搭配使用,形成“如此…以至于…”的语意,在“so…that-..'’结构中so是副词,在"such…that…”的结构中such是形容词,因为词性的不同,所以考生使用这两个词的时候要注意:such修饰名词性结构,so修饰形容词或副词。例如
She had such茧自缚a fright(名词)that she fainted.她吓得昏倒了。
It is so small(形容词)that you cannot see it.小得你看不出来。
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